Knowledge Hub

Street-ready tactics and decision tools for EV, BESS, e-bike, and lithium-ion incidents—built from research + real-world case lessons.

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Battery-powered everything is already here—and incidents are outpacing standards and regulations. This white paper translates current research and real incidents into practical actions for responders, safety leaders, and policymakers.

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• Recognize off-gassing and vapor behavior early—“white smoke” isn’t always steam.

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• Use an OODA-loop approach to decide when to cool, isolate, or transition tactics.

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• Keep SCBA discipline until monitoring confirms the atmosphere is safe.

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• Integrate runoff control and environmental coordination early in the incident.

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• Understand state of charge (SoC) as a driver of severity and re-ignition risk.

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• Build post-incident steps: decon, exposure awareness, and lessons-learned sharing.

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Fire Service & EMS: company officers, chiefs, trainers, hazmat teams, ARFF, and EMS supervisors

Industry Safety: EHS leaders, plant/facility teams, warehouses, fleets, and contractors
Government: AHJs, emergency management, environmental health, regulators, and policy staff

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Want a department briefing, SOP support, or a site-specific plan?
Email: suppa@cervitas.com

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Author: Ralph Suppa, Fire Captain & CEO, Cervitas Solutions
Version: 1.0 | (Jan 2026)

Evidence-based guidance for EV, BESS, e-bike, and lithium-ion incidents—tactics, monitoring, runoff control, and responder safety for fire/EMS, industry, and government.